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West Virginia Bankruptcy Laws

Bankruptcy is governed by federal law, but West Virginia state law determines which property exemptions apply when filing. West Virginia is an opt-out state, meaning filers must use state exemptions and cannot choose the federal exemption scheme. The homestead exemption protects up to $35,000 of equity in a primary residence ($70,000 for married couples filing jointly). West Virginia also provides a vehicle exemption of $7,500.

Last verified: 2026-02-25

Filing Requirements

Chapter 7 Filing Fee$338

Federal filing fee for Chapter 7 bankruptcy. Fee waivers available for qualifying low-income filers.

Chapter 13 Filing Fee$313

Federal filing fee for Chapter 13 bankruptcy.

Credit Counseling Requirement

You must complete credit counseling from an approved agency within 180 days before filing and a debtor education course before discharge.

State Exemptions Required

West Virginia is an opt-out state. Filers must use West Virginia state exemptions and cannot elect to use the federal exemption scheme.

Key West Virginia Statutes

Homestead ExemptionW. Va. Code § 38-10-4(a)

Protects up to $35,000 of equity in real or personal property used as a residence. Married couples filing jointly may exempt up to $70,000. Physicians with malpractice insurance may exempt up to $250,000 if the bankruptcy stems from a medical liability judgment.

Motor Vehicle ExemptionW. Va. Code § 38-10-4(b)

Protects up to $7,500 of equity in one motor vehicle, such as a car, truck, van, SUV, or motorcycle.

Personal Property ExemptionsW. Va. Code § 38-10-4(c)–(d)

Protects household furnishings, clothing, appliances, books, animals, crops, and musical instruments up to $800 per item and $16,000 total. Jewelry for personal use is exempt up to $2,000.

Wildcard ExemptionW. Va. Code § 38-10-4(e)

Allows a debtor to exempt up to $800 in any property, plus any unused portion of the homestead exemption. This allows flexibility to protect additional assets.

Retirement Account ExemptionsW. Va. Code § 38-10-4(k)

IRAs, 401(k)s, pensions, and other qualified retirement accounts are exempt from creditors in West Virginia bankruptcy proceedings.

Official Sources

Not Legal Advice

This information is for general reference only and does not constitute legal advice. Laws change — verify current statutes at West Virginia Legislature Code. For advice about your specific situation, consult a licensed attorney.

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